C++ syntax refers to the rules and structure used to write C++ code. These rules define how we should organize and structure our code, including how we declare variables, create functions, and write control flow statements.
Example:
#include <iostream> // Preprocessor directive to include the standard input-output library
using namespace std; // Declares the standard namespace
// Main function - execution starts here
int main() {
// Statements
cout << "Hello, Friends!" << endl; // Output a message to the console
return 0; // Exit status of the program
}
Explanation:
include: A preprocessor directive that includes header files (such as iostream for input/output).
using namespace std;: This line tells the compiler to use the std (standard) namespace, which contains standard library features like cout.
main(): The main function is where the program starts executing.
return 0;: Returns 0 to indicate successful execution.
Note: In C++, each statement ends with a semicolon (;).
C++ Syntax – Questions and Answers
Q 1: Is C++ case-sensitive?
Ans: Yes, C++ is case-sensitive.
Q 2: What are curly braces {} used for?
Ans: To define blocks of code.
Q 3: Are semicolons mandatory?
Ans: Yes, each statement must end with a semicolon.
Q 4: Can whitespace affect program execution?
Ans: No, except within strings.
Q 5: What is a statement in C++?
Ans: A complete instruction that performs an action.
C++ Syntax – Objective Questions (MCQs)
Q1. Which of the following is the correct syntax to output “Hello World” in C++?
Q2. Which header file is required for using cout and cin in C++?
Q3. What is the correct syntax of the main function in C++?
Q4. Which of the following is used to take input from the user in C++?
Q5. Which of the following lines correctly ends a C++ statement?