C Operators

Operators in C are special symbols used to perform operations on variables and values. C provides a wide variety of operators for performing arithmetic, logical, relational, bitwise, and other operations. There are many types of Operators.

1. Arithmetic Operators

Arithmetic operators are used to perform basic mathematical operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and modulus.

Example:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
    int a = 20;
    int b = 5;
    printf("Addition: %d\n", a + b);  
    printf("Subtraction: %d\n", a - b); 
    printf("Multiplication: %d\n",a * b); 
    printf("Division: %d\n", a / b); 
    printf("Modulus: %d\n", a % b);  
    return 0;
}

Output:

2. Relational Operators

Relational operators are used to compare two values. They return true (1) if the condition is met, or false (0) if it is not.

Example:

#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
    int a = 20;
    int b = 5;
    printf("%d\n", a == b);  // Output: false
    printf("%d\n", a != b);  // Output: true
    printf("%d\n", a > b);  // Output: true
    printf("%d\n", a < b);  // Output: false
    printf("%d\n", a >= b);  // Output: true
    printf("%d\n", a <= b);  // Output: false
    return 0;
}

Output:

3. Logical Operators

Logical operators are used to perform logical operations on conditions. They return true (1) or false (0) based on the result of the operation.

Example:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdbool.h>

int main() {
    bool a = true;
    bool b = false;

    printf("%d\n", a && b);  // Output: False (Both must be true)
    printf("%d\n", a || b);  // Output: True (At least one is true)
    printf("%d\n", !a);      // Output: False (Reverses the value)

    return 0;
}

Output:

4. Assignment Operators

Assignment operators are used to assign values to variables.

Example:

#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
    int a = 20;
    a += 10;  // a = a + 10 => num = 30
    a -= 5;  // a = a - 5 => a = 25
    a *= 2;  // a = a * 2 => a = 50
    a /= 5;  // a = a / 5 => a = 10

    printf("%d\n",a);  // Output: 10

    return 0;
}

Output:

5.  Ternary Operator

The ternary operator is a shorthand version of the if-else statement. It has the following form.

Syntax:

condition ? expression_if_true : expression_if_false

Example:

#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
    int age = 19;
    char *result = (age >= 18) ? "Adult": "Not Adult";
    printf("%s",result);  // Output: Adult
   
    return 0;
}

Explanation: I changed the variable result to be a char* (pointer to char) because you are dealing with strings, not individual characters.

Output:

6. Unary Operators

These operators operate on a single operand.

Example:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
    int x = 20;
    printf("%d\n",++x);  // Output: 21 (Pre-increment)
    printf("%d\n",x++);  // Output: 21 (Post-increment)
    printf("%d",x);    // Output: 22 (x is now 22)
  
   
    return 0;
}

Output:

C Operators – Interview Questions

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