Php Access Modifiers

PHP access modifiers are used to set access rights with PHP classes and their methods and variables.
There are 3 types of access modifiers:
(i) private
(ii) protected
(iii) public

Modifier Name	With in Class	Out Side Class	Inheritance
Private	allow	disallow	disallow
Protected	allow	disallow	allow
Public	allow	allow	allow

class variable or method with private access modifier can only be accessible inside the class. You can not access private method or variable from outside of your class.

Note:- Class can not be private.

Example:- In the below example we are accessing $stu_name variable and student_college_name method outside the class then show fatal error and if we are accessing both in the class then its working fine.

<?php 
class student {
	private $stu_name = 'John';
	private function student_college_name() {
		return 'HBIT Kanpur';
	}

	public function display_college_name() {
		return $this -> stu_name . ' is in ' . $this -> student_college_name();
	}

}

$stu_obj = new student;
echo $stu_obj -> stu_name; //Output:- Fatal error: Cannot access private property student::$stu_name
echo $stu_obj -> student_college_name(); //Output:- Fatal error: Call to private method student::student_college_name()
echo $stu_obj -> display_college_name(); //Output:- John is in HBIT Kanpur
?>

Class variable or method, that are set to be protected, can only be accessed inside the class and by its subclasses, in other words its class and sub classes.

Note:- Class can not be protected.

Example:- In the below example we are accessing $stu_name variable and student_college_name method outside the class then show fatal error and if we are accessing in the child class then its working fine.

<?php 
class student {
	protected $stu_name = 'John';
	protected function student_college_name() {
		return 'HBIT Kanpur';
	}

	
}
class student_information extends student
{
public function display_college_name() {
		return $this->stu_name . ' is in ' . $this->student_college_name();
}	
	
}
$stu_obj = new student;
$stuinfo_obj = new student_information;
echo $stu_obj -> stu_name; //Output:- Fatal error: Cannot access protected property student::$stu_name
echo $stu_obj -> student_college_name(); //Output:- Fatal error: Call to protected method student::student_college_name()
echo $stuinfo_obj -> display_college_name(); //Output:- John is in HBIT Kanpur
?>

The public access modifier is accessible everywhere. If you define your class properties and methods as “public”, then it can be used anywhere in your PHP script.
Example:- In the below example we call the variable $stu_name and method student_college_name() out side of the class, then it is working fine.

<?php 
class student {
	public $stu_name = 'John';
	public function student_college_name() {
		return 'HBIT Kanpur';
	}
}
$stu_obj = new student;
echo $stu_obj -> stu_name; //Output:- John
echo $stu_obj -> student_college_name(); //Output:- HBIT Kanpur
?>